Overpopulation their causes, effects and solutions.
Overpopulation
is an undesirable situation under which the current human population exceeds
the Earth's actual carrying ability. A variety of factors cause overpopulation.
There are few factors that contribute to overpopulation: decreased mortality
rate, better medical services, and depletion of valuable resources. If it does
not support life, it is possible for a sparsely populated region to become
heavily populated. With each coming year, increasing advancement in technology
has influenced humanity in several respects. One of them was the opportunity to
save lives and provide everyone with better medical care. The increased life span
and population growth have been a direct consequence of this.
The human
overpopulation issue is the topic I see as the most vital to solve if our
children and grandchildren are to have a good quality of life.
Alexandra Paul
In
the last fifty or so years, population growth has boomed and turned into
overpopulation. The birth and death rates have always been able to balance each
other in the history of our species and maintain a population growth rate that
is sustainable. None of these, however, could make a dent in the population.
More than developed countries, developing nations face the question of
overpopulation, but as of now it affects much of the Earth. We should first
seek to grasp the root causes of it when we are talking about overpopulation.
Causes of
overpopulation:
·
The decline in the death rate:
The disparity between the average
birth rate and the death rate in communities is at the root of overpopulation.
If the number of children born each year is equal to the number of adults who
age, so it will stabilize the population.
·
Agriculture advancement:
In the same moment, technological
revolutions and population explosions occur. Three big technological
revolutions have occurred. They are the tool-making revolution, the revolution
in agriculture, and the revolution in industry.
·
Medical facilities:
After this, the industrial
revolution began. Perhaps the main explanation why the equilibrium was
permanently broken was technological progress.
·
More hands to overcome poverty:
When talking about
overpopulation, we should remember that there is also a psychological
dimension. The leading cause of overpopulation is believed to be poverty. In
the absence of educational services, combined with high death rates, resulting
in higher birth rates, there is a massive population boom in poor areas.
·
Child labor:
The fact that child labor is
still extensively practiced in many parts of the world is no less than a
catastrophe. Approximately 150 million children are currently employed in
nations with few child labour laws, according to UNICEF. Children who are seen
by poor families as a source of income start working too early and also lose
the opportunities reflected in education, particularly when it comes to birth
control.
Further causes of overpopulation
are Immigration, lack of family planning and poor contraceptive use.
Effect of
overpopulation:
·
Depletion of Natural resources:
There are fairly serious effects
of overpopulation. The first one of these is the loss of wealth. The planet can
have only a limited amount of water and food, falling short of its current
needs.
·
Degradation of Environment:
It has begun to have some
significant effects on our climate with the overuse of coal, oil, and natural
gas. In addition, air quality has been seriously affected by the exponential
increase in the number of vehicles and industries.
·
Conflicts and wars:
In developing countries,
overpopulation places a significant strain on the capital that should be used
for growth. Water disputes are becoming a source of friction between nations,
which could lead to wars. It allows the spread of more illnesses and makes them
difficult to manage.
Further effect of overpopulation
is rise in unemployment, pandemics and epidemics, malnutrition, starvation and
famine and faster climate change.
Solutions of overpopulation:
·
Better education:
One of the first steps is to
introduce policies representing social change. Educating the masses makes them
realize the need to have one or two children at the most.
·
Education for girl child:
Over 130 million young women and
girls around the world are not officially enrolled in school at present. Most
of them live in male-dominated societies, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa
and South and West Asia, where women do not have the same right to education as
men.
Further solutions are making
people aware of family planning and social marketing. Some communities have
already begun social marketing to educate the public about the consequences of
overpopulation. It is possible to distribute a range of printed materials
(flyers, brochures, fact sheets, stickers) in locations such as local places of
worship, sports activities, local food markets, schools and car parks.
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